Xinyi Liu

Xinyi Liu

PhD Student
Media, Technology, and Society
Northwestern University
xinyiliu[at]u.northwestern.edu

Mitigating Confounder Bias in Observational Studies of Visual Media Effects

Published in Human Communication Research (Conditional Acceptance), 2026

Recommended citation: Liu, X., Peng, Y., & Lu, Y. Mitigating Confounder Bias in Observational Studies of Visual Media Effects. (Conditional Acceptance, Human Communication Research)